## rtl8188eu (8188eu.ko) ## Realtek RTL8188EU Wireless Lan Driver for Linux - v5.13.3 (20210615) - Based on EDIMAX EW-7811Un V2 Linux Driver (Version : 1.0.1.3) 2021-10-01 - Support Kernel: 3.8 - 5.4 (Realtek) - Support up to Kernel 6.0.0 ## Specification - Supported interface modes: * IBSS * managed * AP * monitor * P2P-client * P2P-GO - Packet injection - TX power control - LED control - Power saving control - Driver debug log level control - REGD source selection - Security: * WEP 64/128-bit, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 ## Supported adapters - TP-Link TL-WN722N V2/V3 150Mbps High Gain Wireless USB Adapter - TP-Link TL-WN727N V5.20 150Mbps Wireless N USB Adapter - TP-Link TL-WN725N V3 150Mbps Wireless N Nano USB Adapter - EDIMAX EW-7811Un V2 N150 Wi-Fi 4 Nano USB Adapter - ASUS USB-N10 Nano B1 USB Adapter Wireless-N - D-Link DWA-125 Wireless N 150 USB Adapter(rev.D) - D-Link DWA-123 Wireless N 150 USB Adapter(rev.D) - D-Link GO-USB-N150 Wireless N 150 Easy USB Adapter(rev.B) - D-Link DWA-121 Wireless N 150 USB Adapter(rev.B) - Realtek RTL8188EU Wireless LAN 802.11n USB 2.0 Network Adapter - Realtek RTL8188ETV Wireless LAN 802.11n USB 2.0 Network Adapter - 802.11bgn Mini Wireless LAN USB2.0 Adapter - ELECOM WDC-150SU2M Wireless Adapter - Sitecom WLA-1100 V2 Wi-Fi USB adapter N150 - MERCUSYS MW150US V2 N150 Wireless Nano USB Adapter - Rosewill RNX-N150NUB N150 Wireless Nano USB Adapter ## Tested Linux Distros and Tools Successful tested injection aireplay-ng -9 <interface>, deauthentication aireplay-ng -0 1 -a <bssid> <interface>. NO fixed channel 1 issue. Successful hcxdumptool driver test hcxdumptool -i <interface> --check_driver and capture packets hcxdumptool -i <interface> -o test.pcapng --filterlist_ap=targets.lst --filtermode=2 --enable_status=15 (hcxdumptool -i <interface> -o test.pcapng --filterlist=targets.lst --filtermode=2 --enable_status=15). Connecting to AP with WPA3 (WPA3-SAE) authentication method (IMPORTANT: Test distro Ubuntu 22.04 kernel 5.15 - NetworkManager 1.36.4 nmcli tool, version 1.36.4. Otherwise use wpa_supplicant). Start WPA3 (WPA3-SAE) SoftAP. TX power control tested with SoftAP mode and OpenWrt firmware (OpenWrt 21.02.0 r16279-5cc0535800, Channel Analysis Feature). - Ubuntu 22.04 (kernel 5.19) * Aircrack-ng 1.6 * hcxdumptool 6.2.6 * wpa_supplicant v2.11-devel-hostap_2_10-309-gc3d389b72 * hostapd v2.11-devel-hostap_2_10-309-gc3d389b72

Ubuntu 22.04 (kernel 5.18)

* wpa_supplicant v2.11-devel-hostap_2_10-309-gc3d389b72 * hostapd v2.11-devel-hostap_2_10-309-gc3d389b72 * Aircrack-ng 1.6 * hcxdumptool 6.2.6

Ubuntu 21.10 (kernel 5.17)

* hcxdumptool 6.2.4 * Aircrack-ng 1.6 * wpa_supplicant v2.11-devel-hostap_2_10-151-g3085e1a67 * hostapd v2.11-devel-hostap_2_10-151-g3085e1a67

Ubuntu 21.10 (kernel 5.16)

* wpa_supplicant v2.10-devel-hostap_2_9-2398-g8a54c252a * hostapd v2.10-devel-hostap_2_9-2398-g8a54c252a * Aircrack-ng 1.6 * hcxdumptool 6.2.4

Ubuntu 11.10 (kernel 3.0)

* Aircrack-ng 1.5.2 * hcxdumptool 4.2.1

Ubuntu 12.04 (kernel 3.4)

* Aircrack-ng 1.5.2 * hcxdumptool 4.2.1

Ubuntu 12.10 (kernel 3.5)

* Aircrack-ng 1.5.2 * hcxdumptool 4.2.1

Ubuntu 13.04 (kernel 3.8)

* Aircrack-ng 1.5.2 * hcxdumptool 5.1.4

Ubuntu 21.04 (kernel 5.11)

* wpa_supplicant v2.10-devel-hostap_2_9-2374-g9ef8491d9 * Aircrack-ng 1.6 * hcxdumptool 6.1.6

Ubuntu 21.10 (kernel 5.13)

* Aircrack-ng 1.6 * wpa_supplicant v2.10-devel-hostap_2_9-2398-g8a54c252a * hostapd v2.10-devel-hostap_2_9-2398-g8a54c252a

Kali Linux 2019.1a (kernel 4.19)

* Aircrack-ng 1.5.2 * hcxdumptool 5.1.7 * wpa_supplicant v2.10-devel-hostap_2_9-2433-g8d881d942

Kali Linux 2020.3 (kernel 5.9)

* Aircrack-ng 1.6 * hcxdumptool 6.1.4 * wpa_supplicant v2.10-devel-hostap_2_9-2379-g4775a5f82

Kali Linux 2021.3a (kernel 5.14)

* Aircrack-ng 1.6 * hcxdumptool 6.1.6 * wpa_supplicant v2.10-devel-hostap_2_9-2433-g8d881d942

Ubuntu 21.10 (kernel 5.15)

* Aircrack-ng 1.6 * hcxdumptool 6.2.4 * wpa_supplicant v2.10-devel-hostap_2_9-2398-g8a54c252a * hostapd v2.10-devel-hostap_2_9-2398-g8a54c252a

## HOW TO ### Install Download source: git clone https://github.com/ivanovborislav/rtl8188eu.git cd rtl8188eu Install missing packages: sudo apt-get install bc build-essential Install linux headers: sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r) or apt-cache search linux-headers sudo apt-get install linux-headers-5.14.0-kali4-amd64 (for example) apt-cache search linux-image sudo apt-get install linux-image-5.14.0-kali4-amd64 (for example) Compile: make sudo make install IMPORTANT: Prevent loading old driver r8188eu. echo "blacklist r8188eu" > /etc/modprobe.d/realtek.conf Raspberry Pi: Edit Makefile: Ln143 - CONFIG_PLATFORM_I386_PC = y to CONFIG_PLATFORM_I386_PC = n Ln144 - CONFIG_PLATFORM_RPI_ARM = n to CONFIG_PLATFORM_RPI_ARM = y for ARM or Ln145 - CONFIG_PLATFORM_RPI_ARM64 = n to CONFIG_PLATFORM_RPI_ARM64 = y for ARM64 ### DKMS installation sudo git clone "https://github.com/ivanovborislav/rtl8188eu.git" /usr/src/rtl8188eu-5.13.3 sudo dkms add -m rtl8188eu -v 5.13.3 sudo dkms autoinstall dkms status or sudo git clone "https://github.com/ivanovborislav/rtl8188eu.git" /usr/src/rtl8188eu-5.13.3 sudo dkms add -m rtl8188eu -v 5.13.3 sudo dkms build -m rtl8188eu -v 5.13.3 sudo dkms install -m rtl8188eu -v 5.13.3 dkms status ### Monitor mode sudo airmon-ng check kill sudo ip link set <interface> down sudo iw dev <interface> set type monitor sudo ip link set <interface> up ### Managed mode sudo ip link set <interface> down sudo iw dev <interface> set type managed sudo ip link set <interface> up sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager (sudo service network-manager restart) ### TX power control Note: Set TX power before start SoftAP mode. ...set txpower fixed 3000 = txpower 30.00 dBm. sudo iw dev <interface> set txpower fixed 3000 ### Driver options #### Change driver options during inserting driver module Remove (unload) a module from the Linux kernel. sudo rmmod /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/8188eu.ko Insert (load) a module into the Linux kernel. sudo insmod /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/8188eu.ko rtw_ips_mode=1 rtw_drv_log_level=4 rtw_power_mgnt=2 rtw_led_ctrl=1 #### Change driver options loading from file Create a file 8188eu.conf containing options 8188eu rtw_ips_mode=1 rtw_drv_log_level=4 rtw_power_mgnt=2 rtw_led_ctrl=1. Copy a file to /etc/modprobe.d/ directory. sudo cp -f 8188eu.conf /etc/modprobe.d Power saving control. IPS (Inactive Power Saving) Function, rtw_ips_mode= 0:Disable IPS 1:Enable IPS (default) LPS (Leisure Power Saving) Function, rtw_power_mgnt= 0:Disable LPS 1:Enable LPS 2:Enable LPS with clock gating (default) Driver debug log level control, rtw_drv_log_level= 0:_DRV_NONE_ 1:_DRV_ALWAYS_ 2:_DRV_ERR_ 3:_DRV_WARNING_ 4:_DRV_INFO_ (default) 5:_DRV_DEBUG_ 6:_DRV_MAX_ Driver LED control, rtw_led_ctrl= 0:led off 1:led blink (default) 2:led on Driver REGD source selection, rtw_regd_src= 0:Realtek defined 1:OS (default, get channel plan from OS) ### Connecting with wpa_supplicant Example wpa_supplicant.conf with WPA3-Personal (WPA3-SAE). ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant update_config=1 country=EN p2p_no_group_iface=1 sae_groups=19 20 21 network={ ssid="WPA3" proto=RSN key_mgmt=SAE pairwise=CCMP group=CCMP ieee80211w=2 psk="1234567890" } Now start... sudo systemctl stop NetworkManager sudo killall wpa_supplicant sudo wpa_supplicant -B -i <interface> -c wpa_supplicant.conf sudo dhclient <interface> ### Start SoftAP mode Example hostapd.conf with WPA3-Personal (WPA3-SAE). ctrl_interface=/var/run/hostapd ctrl_interface_group=0 driver=nl80211 ssid=WPA3 country_code=EN channel=6 beacon_int=100 dtim_period=1 fragm_threshold=2346 rts_threshold=2347 hw_mode=g ieee80211n=1 max_num_sta=16 wmm_enabled=1 ht_capab=[HT40-][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][RX-STBC1][MAX-AMSDU-7935][DSSS_CCK-40] ignore_broadcast_ssid=0 auth_algs=1 wpa=2 wpa_key_mgmt=SAE wpa_pairwise=CCMP rsn_pairwise=CCMP ieee80211w=2 sae_groups=19 20 21 sae_require_mfp=1 wpa_passphrase=1234567890 Now start... sudo killall hostapd sudo hostapd -i <interface> hostapd.conf ### Kali NetHunter Kernel module Samsung Galaxy S5 ## Test devices - TP-Link TL-WN722N V3 - Linksys WRT1200AC V2 * OpenWrt 21.02.0 r16279-5cc0535800 / LuCI openwrt-21.02 branch git-21.231.26241-422c175 config wifi-iface 'default_radio1' option device 'radio1' option network 'lan' option mode 'ap' option macaddr '30:23:03:XX:XX:XX' option ssid 'WPA3' option encryption 'sae' option key '1234567890' option ieee80211w '2'