add: Supprimer une fonction shell avec unset

2026-05-19 12:37:29 +02:00
parent 31d35302b6
commit ee2c43b985
5 changed files with 7909 additions and 2 deletions
@@ -1 +1 @@
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@@ -1 +1 @@
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@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# Supprimer une fonction shell avec `unset`
+
+*Comment supprimer une fonction en Bash ? Comment effacer, retirer ou désenregistrer une fonction shell ? Comment annuler la définition d'une fonction Bash ? Quelle est la différence entre supprimer une variable et supprimer une fonction avec `unset` ? Pourquoi `man unset` ne fonctionne pas ?*
+
+En Bash, la commande intégrée `unset` sert à supprimer des variables, mais aussi des **fonctions**. Pour cibler explicitement une fonction, on utilise l'option `-f` (pour *function*) :
+
+```bash
+unset -f foo
+```
+
+## Quand `-f` est-il vraiment nécessaire ?
+
+D'après la documentation de Bash, sans option, `unset` essaie d'abord de supprimer une variable, puis se rabat sur une fonction si aucune variable de ce nom n'existe.
+
+Autrement dit, **`-f` n'est indispensable que si une variable et une fonction portent le même nom**. Dans le cas contraire, un simple `unset foo` suffit.
+
+## Exemple complet
+
+```bash
+# Définition d'une fonction
+foo() { echo "bonjour"; }
+
+foo
+# → bonjour
+
+# Suppression
+unset -f foo
+
+foo
+# → bash: foo : commande introuvable
+```
+
+Et voici le cas où `-f` fait toute la différence :
+
+```bash
+foo="une variable"
+foo() { echo "une fonction"; }
+
+unset foo        # supprime la variable
+foo              # → une fonction (la fonction existe toujours)
+
+unset -f foo     # supprime la fonction
+```
+
+## Consulter la documentation
+
+`unset` étant une commande interne à Bash (*builtin*), elle n'a ni page `man unset` ni option `--help`. Sa documentation se consulte avec :
+
+```bash
+help unset
+```
+
+## À retenir
+
+- `unset -f nom` supprime explicitement une fonction.
+- `unset nom` suffit si aucune variable ne porte ce nom.
+- Pour la doc d'un builtin Bash : `help <commande>`, pas `man`.
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
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+    "slug": "supprimer-une-fonction-shell-avec-unset",
+    "title": "Supprimer une fonction shell avec `unset`",
+    "author": "cedric@abonnel.fr",
+    "published": false,
+    "featured": false,
+    "published_at": "2026-05-19 10:37:27",
+    "created_at": "2026-05-19 10:37:27",
+    "updated_at": "2026-05-19 10:37:27",
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+}